Ofcom report
1) How does the report suggest that TV viewing is changing?
The television landscape is changing; people are increasingly viewing content in a variety of different ways, both on the television set and on other devices. Young adults are watching a substantial amount of non-PSB content, and behavioural changes are happening not just in this group, but among those up to the age of 45.
2) What differences are highlighted between younger and older viewers?
As time has gone by younger viewers have been watching TV less and older viewers have been watching TV more. " Viewers aged 65+ watched an average of 5 hours 44 minutes in 2016, just three minutes less than in 2012; in contrast, 16-24 year olds watched an average of 1 hour 54 minutes in 2016, 43 minutes less than in 2012. Between 2015 and 2016, average daily viewing among children and 16-24 year olds each fell by 10 minutes, whereas viewing by over-64s increased by 2 minutes."
3) Does the report suggest audiences are satisfied with public service broadcasting TV channels?
The report suggests that audiences are satisfied with public service broadcasting TV channels because audience's still continue to use and watch them weekly - " The majority of people in the UK with a TV in their household watch the PSB channels on a weekly basis. In 2016, 83% of the TV population aged 4+ watched any of the main five PSB channels in a typical week. This increases to 85% when the BBC portfolio channels are included."
4) Public service broadcasting channels are a major aspect of the UK cultural industries. How much money did PSB channels spend on UK-originated content in 2016?
The PSB channels spent a total of £2.6bn on first-run UK-originated content in 2016, a 2% increase in real terms on 2014 (the most recent comparable year due to the impact of major sporting events). This was an 18% decrease in real terms on 2006, with each of the main five PSB channels reducing their spend over the intervening period. At £582m, spend on new UK factual programming across the PSB channels was greater than any other genre in 2016. Spend on new UK content at peak time stood at £1.6bn in 2016.
Goldsmiths report
1) What does the report state has changed in the UK television market in the last 20 years?
Yet the television sector has undergone huge changes over the past generation. The proliferation of channels has reduced the market share of the public service broadcasters – the BBC, ITV, Channel 4 and Channel 5 – although they have largely retained their prominence and developed portfolio services. Sky has emerged as a major force, contributing to the success of pay television. New technology has facilitated on-demand access to television content, and created new services and platforms, while consumer behaviour has started to change rapidly, particularly among the young.
2) Look at page 4. What are the principles that the report suggests need to be embedded in regulation of public service broadcasting in future?
"Principles of independence, universality, citizenship, quality and diversity need to be embedded into the regulation and funding of an emerging digital media landscape."
3) What does the report say about the BBC?
The report states that "the BBC is the most important part of the television ecology" that "should be encouraged to pursue networked innovation, to embrace the internet and to develop a range of content and services for the online world. The BBC should continue to to provide mixed programming and cater to all audiences as well as competing with other broadcasters to produce high quality programmes".
4) According to the report, how should the BBC be funded in future?
"The government should hand over decision-making concerning the funding of the BBC to an independent advisory body that works on fixed settlement periods."
5) What does the report say about Channel 4?
" Channel 4 occupies a critical place in the public service ecology – supporting the independent production sector and airing content aimed specifically at diverse audiences. Its remit has remained flexible and it has moved with the times. But it has cut programme spending; it has largely abandoned arts programming and
has been criticised for not doing enough for older children. Recently, Channel 4 has been threatened with privatisation, in whole or in part, a proposal that would threaten its public service remit."
6) How should Channel 4 operate in future?
" Channel 4's remit has remained flexible and it has moved with the times. But it has cut programme spending; it has largely abandoned arts programming and has been criticised for not doing enough for older children. Recently, Channel 4 has been threatened with privatisation, in whole or in part, a proposal that would threaten its public service remit. 10. Channel 4 should not be privatised – neither in full or in part – and we believe that the government should clarify its view on Channel 4’s future as soon as possible."
7) Look at page 10 - new kids on the block. What does the report say about new digital content providers and their link to public service broadcasting?
Television with the characteristics of public service broadcasting now appears outside the public service system: from Sky and other commercial broadcasters,on subscription video-on-demand services such as Netflix and Amazon, and through the new Local TV services...the growing contribution to a digital media ecology made by these cultural institutions should be boosted by a specific public intervention.
Final questions - your opinion on public service broadcasting
1) Should the BBC retain its position as the UK’s public service broadcaster?
I think that the BBC should retain it's position as the UK's public service broadcaster because it is a platform that is unique to our country that shows a range of informative, educational and entertaining content.
2) Is there a role for the BBC in the 21st century digital world?
I think that there is a role for the BBC in the 21st century digital world however I don't think it will be as successful as existing media institutions in the digital world, for example netflix or amazon prime. I think channels such as 'CBBC' or 'Cbeebies' has a possibility of holding a successful role in the 21st century digital world as those channels appeal to a younger audience who are more familiar with the 21st century digital world.
3) Should the BBC funding model (license fee) change? How?
I think that the BBC has a successful funding model using a license fee however the BBC could look at other ways of funding such as advertising or subscription. The BBC could use advertisement between programmes to fund themselves - currently they do not show advertisement on the BBC and I don't agree that they should introduce this. Another way they can fund the BBC is through monthly/ yearly subscription which is a considerable option however not one that is popular with audiences.
1) How does the report suggest that TV viewing is changing?
The television landscape is changing; people are increasingly viewing content in a variety of different ways, both on the television set and on other devices. Young adults are watching a substantial amount of non-PSB content, and behavioural changes are happening not just in this group, but among those up to the age of 45.
2) What differences are highlighted between younger and older viewers?
As time has gone by younger viewers have been watching TV less and older viewers have been watching TV more. " Viewers aged 65+ watched an average of 5 hours 44 minutes in 2016, just three minutes less than in 2012; in contrast, 16-24 year olds watched an average of 1 hour 54 minutes in 2016, 43 minutes less than in 2012. Between 2015 and 2016, average daily viewing among children and 16-24 year olds each fell by 10 minutes, whereas viewing by over-64s increased by 2 minutes."
3) Does the report suggest audiences are satisfied with public service broadcasting TV channels?
The report suggests that audiences are satisfied with public service broadcasting TV channels because audience's still continue to use and watch them weekly - " The majority of people in the UK with a TV in their household watch the PSB channels on a weekly basis. In 2016, 83% of the TV population aged 4+ watched any of the main five PSB channels in a typical week. This increases to 85% when the BBC portfolio channels are included."
4) Public service broadcasting channels are a major aspect of the UK cultural industries. How much money did PSB channels spend on UK-originated content in 2016?
The PSB channels spent a total of £2.6bn on first-run UK-originated content in 2016, a 2% increase in real terms on 2014 (the most recent comparable year due to the impact of major sporting events). This was an 18% decrease in real terms on 2006, with each of the main five PSB channels reducing their spend over the intervening period. At £582m, spend on new UK factual programming across the PSB channels was greater than any other genre in 2016. Spend on new UK content at peak time stood at £1.6bn in 2016.
Goldsmiths report
1) What does the report state has changed in the UK television market in the last 20 years?
Yet the television sector has undergone huge changes over the past generation. The proliferation of channels has reduced the market share of the public service broadcasters – the BBC, ITV, Channel 4 and Channel 5 – although they have largely retained their prominence and developed portfolio services. Sky has emerged as a major force, contributing to the success of pay television. New technology has facilitated on-demand access to television content, and created new services and platforms, while consumer behaviour has started to change rapidly, particularly among the young.
2) Look at page 4. What are the principles that the report suggests need to be embedded in regulation of public service broadcasting in future?
"Principles of independence, universality, citizenship, quality and diversity need to be embedded into the regulation and funding of an emerging digital media landscape."
3) What does the report say about the BBC?
The report states that "the BBC is the most important part of the television ecology" that "should be encouraged to pursue networked innovation, to embrace the internet and to develop a range of content and services for the online world. The BBC should continue to to provide mixed programming and cater to all audiences as well as competing with other broadcasters to produce high quality programmes".
4) According to the report, how should the BBC be funded in future?
"The government should hand over decision-making concerning the funding of the BBC to an independent advisory body that works on fixed settlement periods."
" Channel 4 occupies a critical place in the public service ecology – supporting the independent production sector and airing content aimed specifically at diverse audiences. Its remit has remained flexible and it has moved with the times. But it has cut programme spending; it has largely abandoned arts programming and
has been criticised for not doing enough for older children. Recently, Channel 4 has been threatened with privatisation, in whole or in part, a proposal that would threaten its public service remit."
6) How should Channel 4 operate in future?
" Channel 4's remit has remained flexible and it has moved with the times. But it has cut programme spending; it has largely abandoned arts programming and has been criticised for not doing enough for older children. Recently, Channel 4 has been threatened with privatisation, in whole or in part, a proposal that would threaten its public service remit. 10. Channel 4 should not be privatised – neither in full or in part – and we believe that the government should clarify its view on Channel 4’s future as soon as possible."
7) Look at page 10 - new kids on the block. What does the report say about new digital content providers and their link to public service broadcasting?
Television with the characteristics of public service broadcasting now appears outside the public service system: from Sky and other commercial broadcasters,on subscription video-on-demand services such as Netflix and Amazon, and through the new Local TV services...the growing contribution to a digital media ecology made by these cultural institutions should be boosted by a specific public intervention.
Final questions - your opinion on public service broadcasting
1) Should the BBC retain its position as the UK’s public service broadcaster?
I think that the BBC should retain it's position as the UK's public service broadcaster because it is a platform that is unique to our country that shows a range of informative, educational and entertaining content.
2) Is there a role for the BBC in the 21st century digital world?
I think that there is a role for the BBC in the 21st century digital world however I don't think it will be as successful as existing media institutions in the digital world, for example netflix or amazon prime. I think channels such as 'CBBC' or 'Cbeebies' has a possibility of holding a successful role in the 21st century digital world as those channels appeal to a younger audience who are more familiar with the 21st century digital world.
3) Should the BBC funding model (license fee) change? How?
I think that the BBC has a successful funding model using a license fee however the BBC could look at other ways of funding such as advertising or subscription. The BBC could use advertisement between programmes to fund themselves - currently they do not show advertisement on the BBC and I don't agree that they should introduce this. Another way they can fund the BBC is through monthly/ yearly subscription which is a considerable option however not one that is popular with audiences.
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